Improved apparatus for distilling and rectifying spirits



`to be divided into a great number of minute fine streams, or into a very tine iihn, thereby bringing the i vapors into intimate Contact with the. washing-medicinal (t-atea A 'adir-nt cette.

Letters Patent No. 94,611, dated September 7, 1869.

IMPRQVED APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING AND RECTIFYING- SPIRITS.v

The Schedule referred to n these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all to whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GoTTLoB KAISER, of the city of New York, county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Construction of Columns and Dephlegmators for Rectiiying, Redistilling, or Distilling-Apparatus, which I consider improvements on patent N o. 78,596, granted to me June2, 1868; and I do hereby declare that the following uis a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, in Which- Figure, l is a vertical sect-ion on line X X, fig. 2.

Figure 2is a side elevation.

Figure 3 is a horizontal section on line Y Y, fig. 2.

Figure 4 is an elevation of a part ot' my invention.

In the rectifying, redistilling, or distilling-apparatus' now in general use, the column necessary for a large apparatus is a very bulky ai'air, sometimes from thirty to forty feet high, being at once very expensive, and demanding localities specially constructed.

The object of my invention is to aiTange a column, or, more, an apparatus that replaces the same, in a vory small space, reducing bulk and expense materially.

Further, in washing the spirit-vapors in a column, said was caused to be done, by its peculiar present construction, in certain pulsations, large bubbles rising at' certain times through Athe washing-medium; in this case, most always low-wine. This prevents a thorough Washing ofthe vapors, only the parts on the surface of the `bubble being washed, and not the'interior parts.

The object of my invention is to cause the vapors dium, higher proof and finer spirits being the result.'

The dephlegmator (goose.) at present in use, of a single coil of the size of the valira-pipe, or of several coils, the cross-section of which is equal to the vaporpipe, is oi' great bulk, diiiicult and expensive to construct, and impossible to clean.

The object oi' my invention is to construct a dephlegmator oi but a very small size, easily and cheaply constructed, and very ready of access vto be cleaned.

The nature of my invention consists in arranging in a column the washing-compartments in series, side by side, and placing more or less of these series above each other, as the size oi' the apparatus may require.

Further7 in perfbrating the separating-plates or partitions, in the diii'erent Washing-compartments, at their lower ends, where they reach` into the washingmedium, by a great number of minute holes, thereby insuring thorough washing of the vapors. Ihsmay be obtained by tine slots.

Further, in constructing my dephlegmator of straight tubes inserted into plates, similar to boiler-tubes, readily cleaned by taking ol one single cover, easy of access. I make my tubes small, causing thereby also a minute division of the vapors, and insuring thereby a perfect separation of the phlegm or i'usel-oil.

Further, in producing means for preventing vapors to pass overV from 'one set of ,dephlegmating-tubes to the other, caused sometimes by the form of the lowwine return-tubes, by arranging the latter with liquidcolumns, to prevent the passing over of vaporr To enable others skilled inthe art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construc- .tion and operation.

A, figs. 1, 2, and 3, represents my column, or, more,

the apparatus replacing the column. It is a square box, closed on all sides, divided by horizontal partitions A1 A2 into three parts of equal size, one above the other.

A is further divided by the vertical partitions A A* A5, making in all twelve compartments, denoted in succession by the letters B C D E F Gr H I'J K L M.

In each of these compartments rise up from the bottom plate cross-plates al c? a5 al, dro., to a certain distance of the top plate. Between each two of these come down. cross-plates from the top plate, reaching to a certain distance ii'om the bottom plate, marked on the drawing with a2 a* a as, 83e.

The compartments BiC D, dto., are filledwith lowwne to a certain distance above the lower edge of cross-plates atei ce, &c.; and small return-tubes y1 y2 ya, Ste., leading from the upper series of compartments to the lower ones, and from there to one of the stills, regulate the height of the low-wine in the cells.

Fig. 4 shows one of the cross-plates a2 a* in elevl tion. It has near its lower edge a number of small perforations, 5 z z, through which the vapoi1 has to pass, and whereby the same is divided into very ne streams.

Partition A3 does not run clear through on the right, but stops at cross-partition c, thereby connecting compartment B with C on the left. Partition A4 does :lot run through, thereby connecting compartment C with I), and in this manner cach of the compartments composing a series is connected with the next, as clearly shown by the arrows in iig. 3.

Compartment E is connected by `an opening, O, through partition A, with F of'the series above; in

similar manner, compartment I with J of the seriesabove. By these means the horizontal series is connected.

It is now readily understood, that adding more washing-plates, and by increasing the number of compartments side by side, and the number of thc series Wash-plate a2, which is left a certain distance of the bottom, if great rushes of vapors should come sometimes; then upward again through the liquid, over partition a, downward throggh the liquid, and through l the perforations in was'hlplate a, and again upward through the liquid, and so on, as shown bythe arrows. Arriving at the end, the vapors are turned to partition, and are washed in the same, asalso in D E, in a similar manner. From E, it passes through hole O in partition A* to the series above, andso on.

The vapor passes from the column to the dephlegmator Q through pipe P.

The dephlegmator Q is, again, a square box, divided by two horizontal partitions, R and S, into three compartments l U V. The latter two are very shallow, and divided by a number of vertical partitions, b1 bl b b4 and c c2 c c4. These partitions are placed alternately, one opposite the middle of the opposite two, as shown in fig. 1. Between each of these vertical partitions are two series of holes in the horizontal partitions R and S, l1 dz d3, el e2 e, more or less, accordiug to the size of the apparatus. These holes are connectedby thin tubes fl fz f g1 h1 il.' The space around these tubes is filled with water of a desired temperature.

The vapors take, now, the, following course, indicated on the drawing by arrows: y

Entering at the top, at fu, they pass down through pipes f1 j" f3, up through g1 g2 y, down again through hl h2 h3, up through t" i2 t, and so on through the whole dephlegmator. At g1, the vapors leave the latter and pass over to the condenser. The phlegm or fuseloil, and lthe low-Wine con# densed in the dephlegmator, pass of at the bottom. to

the column through return-pipes Z ht a o p, 85e. Pipe l runs a certain distance below the point where it connects to the column.

each of the pipes, shuts off the vapors in thesame from eac'h other and from the column.

'lhe warm water enters the compartment l, surrounding the tubes at r, is regulated here by cock s. It flows out at t. I

I do not bind myself to any particular arrangement or construction of the washing-cells or compartments and series of compartments. 'They may be placed side by side, instead of running back and forth, and in series above each other, or they may be arranged in a `'circular or any other form; nor do I bind myself` to any number of washings-there will be more or less, according to the size of distilling-apparatus; nor do I bind myself to any particular form, size, and number of tubes in the dephlegmator, norto the size of the tubes, all depending on the quantity of spirits to be produced, and the space and location the apparatus is to have; nor do I bind myself to holes in the washingplates a2 a, Snc.; they may be slots or any other openings.

c,Having now fully described my invention,

That I claim as new therein,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows:

1. The washing-cells or compartments B C D, 813e.,

arranged in series side by side, one series above another, in any desired number, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

2. The-peribrations z in the wash-partitions am* a, Src., substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

. 3. The construction of a dephlegmator of straight tubes, all as and for the purpose a's herein set forth.

4. The' peculiar construction and arrangement of back-fall tubes Z m fn, substantially as and for the purpose speciiied,

GOTTLOB KAISER.

XVitnesses:

W. H. WALDRON,

EMIL- VossNAoK.

Pipes m and oconneet with l. -j A. certain-column of liquid, standing in this manner in 

